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COEX Centre Yeongdong-daero Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06164, Republic of Korea
SPECPOL : Trying to understand what is the real problem and how to breakdown the problem so we can provide an solution of the diamond issue.
13 August, 2018. Tia Prasyatiani
There’s an issue today that diamond has a serious problem in much country. The representative of each country in the UN Special Political and Decolonization deliver the argument about the urgency of the diamond on their country. There are some benefits of the diamond to the county, but it also had the negative impact such as the illicit transaction of rough diamond. Many of the representative focus on the economical issue that as the impact of the rough diamond, there is also the political, such as the corruption made particular person. Some solutions that had been delivered by all countries in SPECPOL are about the security issue, and many other focus of another sector, also making the alternative policy. There is also to ask the government should make the new rules in the country, but it have not explain specifically yet by the representative of the country as well as the other solution.
COLLABORATE. Delegates of General Assembly – Legal Committee discussed the procedure of selection of Board of Selection and the flow of the Special Investigatory Department.
Representatives of the member states under the United Nation’s General Assembly – Legal Committee agreed and voted upon the creation of Special Investigatory Department (SPID) to give solution regarding the sexual exploitation by the UN personnel that were destined to work abroad.
Philippines, South Africa, and China were the sponsors of the said proposed department while the other countries agreed and voted for the creation of it. Representatives from the committee discussed the framework of the department whether the flow, function, limitations, and the process. The discussion that was agreed upon by the representatives underwent amendments and debate to clarify the importance and the role of the department to answer and to solve the problems facing an UN personnel when committed a crime.
The Special Investigatory Department or also known as SPID will be the sub-committee of the Legal Committee. It will be composed by 15 qualified members of the department that will be chose by the presidents or the chairpersons of the major organizations of the United Nations. Choosing the members of the department requires and should pass the specific criteria of standards to be qualified to be a member of the proposed department.
Criteria for the selections were: educational background, passed the psychological examinations, knows local and international laws, experience in the field. The board of selection is the president of every major organizations of the United Nations where they will choose from non-sponsoring or host country and they will choose their proxy in terms when the chosen member of the department or not around he or she has alternative when issues arises.
The representative of China concluded that through this department they can now answer and make an actions regarding the sexual exploitation cases that was done by the UN personnel.
Human Trafficking has being a constant issue of concern and many countries around the globe have work together to reduce this situation and international organizations had spread international policies and measures to prevent human trafficking to originate. Therefore the UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) members worked to combat Human Trafficking and the possible solutions to prevent it.
Firstly some of the roots of Human Trafficking were define as Poverty, False better life opportunities, unemployment and labor force. These might be one of the few motives that can lead to Human Trafficking. Consequently representative members at the UNODC stablished that educating small communities regarding these could be a start to deal with the conflict. Other ideas mention that leaning on the help of NGOs was a possible solution too.
The NGOs were seem as a better or very flexible solution, but that the government should involve directly to this matter. The creation of law enforcement was also a point covered. This last awareness was said to be set at immigration points and that the private sector should be also monitored. All these possible solutions were really well discuses, but the fact that Human Trafficking is already happening, ways to prevent it are not only the arguments that should be considerate, but post crime solutions as well. Many countries representatives deliberate the fact that punishment regarding human trafficking should be considerate.
Another important idea appointed during the session was the financial fund for the possible application of the resolutions. The main idea to deal with this matter is generate cooperation with other organizations such as The IMF (The International Monetary Fund) or The World Bank. Alongside with this organizations the possibility of generating a micro-credit solution could be possible. Not only would it help to finance the surveillance of possible Human Trafficking, but it would help to solve the problem of poverty and unemployment
The final resolutions for the main topic stayed almost the same as in the first session, NGOs were still involved in the process as important keys to support and help resolve the conflicts. Also the promotion of universal ratification of the U.N protocol to punish and prevent as well as present legal obligations to fight Human Trafficking.
The fact that these possible solutions might not be carry out in the right way leave a lot of questions in the air, but one of the most important facts and motions that should be really carry out is the education on Human Trafficking. If there is not awareness or knowledge in the matter is essential to contract attack, because if there is not familiarity with a problem then a solution would never take place.
In a conclusion we can considerate that members of the UNODC tried to find the loops on the problems and they did look in a very international way to solve the difficulties and the produce an accurate financial options to arrange the matters itself. And it is considerate important that without the presence a mutual collaboration of countries representative there will not be a solution to any global problem. Cooperation is fundamental to achieved great answers to problem solving.
August, 13. (Xinhua) – Today the Delegates of United Nations Environment Programme still discussing about their previous topic, sustainable management of natural capital. They still didn’t move forward from the land use management ways to increase the economic growth for developed country. They discuss about the working paper,especially 1.1. Because The delegates still needed more explanation about the idea of centralisation energy system. So here’s what they have achieve from the working paper.
It’s kind about the centralization energy system in land use management. There’re 4 natural resources that they can use to support energy centralization air, water, soil, and fuels. They will use the natural resource to change it to a centralization of energy system to manage urbanization. One of them is landfill waste to make man-made islands for infrastructure interests, for example, make an airport, theme park, etc. but not for human settlement because it is prone to greater soil damaged. And deviding it into 2 area. Restricted and focused area. But that solution rises a question. but that raises a question, does that not cause vulnerability to soil damage, because it’s a man-made. Not the existing soil. Also they wanted to eliminated plastic waste and increase standard of living. But, The Delegates of France said, “Why we have to eliminate plastic waste? Because plastic is one of the most efficient ingredients in this era. How do we have to eliminate it?”. But, The Delegates of China said that he believes that the plastic waste can be replaced by utilizing available natural resources. In the end, they agree to refocused on invest capital, technology, economic goods and service to developing country. And of course share the natural recources by develop and developing country, increasingthe economic growth and reduces natural capacity with new renewable energy. Right now they’re still looking forwards to find the the best solution for this land management problem.
General Assembly – Legal Committee discussed solutions regarding sexual exploitation. Ten United Nations (UN) member states agreed upon making the Special Investigatory Department that composed by personnel volunteers from non-host/sponsored countries.
Part of the proposed department, the number of volunteers was discussed. Six countries particularly United Kingdom, Philippines, Afghanistan, Australia, and South Africa suggested that the department composes 15 personnel volunteers. China proposed one representative from each country and established a criteria of choosing representatives. Philippines and South Africa added up that the special department must have reserved personnel volunteers. The Legal Committee particularly the delegate of Afghanistan proposed the Board of Selection composed of five members from the different organizations of United Nations.
Final and amendments of the proposed solutions are still being discussed most especially the criteria of selection.
SEOUL,Aug. 13 (Korean Central)- One of the goals of the UN is to maintain world peace, but what if the UN members themselves violate regulations and cause peace to be threatened. Whereas there is no legal policy that can punish them. Because they have higher immunity than the legal policy itself. Criminal accountabillity occurs mostly in countries of conflict and the most common violations that occur are sexual exploitation and abuse or we can call it sea.
Therefore, the Legal committee of AWMUN provides a solution to make an independent organization to oversee criminal accountability which is given the name of a Joint Special Investigatory Division or can be called SPID.
The work of the SPID itself is to investigate the report that came to them and to look for evidence to prove whether or not it was true. If proven to be true, all delegates of the legal committee agree that they will report to their country of origin, not to the country where they are assigned. Because if it is reported to the country where they are assigned, the country’s legal system is not stable because they are in conflict.
All delegates from legal committee agreed that the selection and qualifications of the investigation team members are needed and it also requires a group who will choose the members of SPID itself. All delegates agree that the selection board will consist of all chairmen of the United Nations’ main organs. consisting of 6 members and 1 secretary general.
One of the selection and qualifications submitted by Delegates of China “It is important to acquire SPID personnel from the UN member States’ representatives to assure that the chosen personnel are duly and officially accredited by their own States. This will assure complete cooperation and support of the UN member States to the mandate of SPID”
But some delegates disagree about that, the delegate of Italy believes that it is the same as the member SPID is from the country involved. They will feel sorry for un members who commit violations from their country. So if the SPID member is from the United Nation, it is likely that the SPID will ease the sentence against his friend.
For now SPID is the best solution for legal comity about sea issues, this issue has become an issue from 2006 and has not found a solution that can solve it. Hopefully for now this solution can be realized well.
The East Asia Summit of the United Nation hit the conference by the crypto currency issues.
By Tia Prasyatiani On 12.08.2018 on 14:00.
The topic of terrorism is increasingly becoming the world’s attention. The bombs, the terror, and many other things provided by the terrorism. But, it’s not only about that, in its core, it is a business, whereas they need money in much amount to operate the mission. The United Nation, especially the East Asia Summit which is a forum of regional leaders and was created for strategy building dialogues and maintaining cooperation in the East Asian Region discussed about this issue. The condition of the world which is currently quite diverted with the issue of terrorism arrived in Southeast Asia. Terrorism continues to work as time goes by which then raises the question of where funding financial for terrorism is. EAS then gathered to discuss this, obtained an issue about Crypto currency. And Why Crypto Currency?
A Crypto Currency
A crypto currency is a tool of the digital made designed to work as a medium exchange by those who has the business on it that safe and secure also without supervision from the financial regulator. Of course sometimes this technology works with many benefits, but there are concerns that these benefits can be exploited by terrorists.
The East Asia Summit propose many ways in particular perspective based on their countries. Some nations have do everything they can to block this syndicate. “when delegates from Thailand said that in order to deal with this problem we had to establish the intellingency agents to be able to access all access from crypto currency, we as a whole did not really agree with that. Because in our opinion is the most important thing is by making improvements and strengthening the security of each country. Thus the security system can control the crypto currency access.” said the delegates of Philipine. So the EAS want to make a system that could blocked the access and of course it takes the part of security council of the united nation.
Illicit charcoal trade committed by Al-Shabaab militias threatens international environment and security in a Civil war-torn region of Somalia, Djibouti and Eastern Ethiopia. Such a conclusion was discussed by international group of delegates during the third session of UN Security Council by AWMUN in Seoul, South Korea.
The most controversial debate was disputed between delegates of Peru, China and Kuwait concerning the problem of resource ownership in Somalia. As the representative of China underlined, country suffered decades of charcoal smuggling and deforestation (Acacia bussei and willows trees suffers the most
), that eventually outcomes with environmental degradation and extinction of local population from 9.2 to 8.42 million from 2008 to 2016.
Due to local representatives of UN Environment, the total losses concerning smugglers’ activity were measured as 7.9millionUSdollarsannuallyandbetween 2011 and 2017 more than 8.2 million trees were cut down to produce more charcoal. And the economic losses are expected to increaseinthenearestfutureas most of the local population(over 60% of responded households
) is still involved into toxic production and charcoal trafficking due to the fact that it remains the only sustainable source of income in Somalia.
In 2012 UN Security Council officially imposed ban of charcoal trade in order to curb resource crunch. But as AWMUN delegates noticed, no transparent results have been reached till in 2018, even though variousUNagencieswereinvolvedin solving the problem as UN Environment and UN Nations Development Programme, the Food and Agriculture organization that launched an initiative to promote international cooperation in support of the ban.
‘We have to cooperate with UN International Monetary Fund and clarify three amendments that include not cutting budgets of the Northern Africa humanitarian
assistance, enforcement an arm-trafficking embargo in the whole region and enacting UN patrolling over the Arabian sea to control Somali pirates’, emphasized delegate from Kuwait.
Right now the AWMUN agentsofchangearelookingforwardtofindasolutionof reducing the Somalian reliance on charcoal and discuss the scenarios of using alternative sources of energy. On the 13th of August international group of delegates is planning to reach a final agreement over the discussion around Somalia War agenda.
International Monetary Fund (IMF) started its main session due to the first conference day of Asia World Model of United Nations in Seoul, South Korea. Delegates from 28 countries discussed the topic concerning poverty reduction all over the world.
The main strategies they formulated addressed expanding the share of private investments in national budgets,redistributionoffiscalpolicyandbuildingbridges between developing and globally developed countries.
As delegate from El Salvador and Ethiopia emphasized, powerful economics such as China, South Korea or Japan, that accumulated enough of experience concerning financial stability, shall share their practice worldwide in order to create a competitive free market.
At the same time local government should rededicate the efforts to lower taxes of the domestic industries. Speakers also undermined that those measures will cultivate a new generation of leaders thatwillvalueacademiceducation,including financial one, and enhance economic systems of their countries.
Representative from Sweden also initiated motion of discussion about the origins and history of poverty in different countries. The relevance of question was reconfirmed by participation of delegates from Spain, Austria, Sweden and other European countries, who also shared their experience with dealing consistent economic crises during 70-90s.
‘Each country, even highly developed as the South Korea or Singapore once went through poverty ups and downs to reach an economic prosperity. In 2014 refugee crisis hit Europe and Northern African coast, tomorrow it may drown other countries, sotheworldcooperationturnsintoavitalquestionforworld’sstability”, – emphasized delegates, who represent European diplomats.
As Head Director of International Monetary Fund Mr. Sai Suman Mirthipati summarized, fighting the poverty is entirely a concern ofglobalsociety.However, young members of AWMUN have three more days of discussion to sum up with formal debates on poverty reduction strategy. The next topic they are expected to discuss concerns the impact of cryptocurrencies on global finance stability.
During the afternoon of August 12th, The delegates from the UNEP ( United Nations Environment Programme ) debated smoothly on sustainable management of natural capital for sustainable development and poverty eradication. Countries appoint the type of measures that were being take for correct sustainable management, Japan for example, appointed that they applied eco-friendly development measures not only in their nation, but when cooperating with other countries as well. At the same time Netherlands explained that in the present the world deals with extreme weather conditions, meaning that the weather is changing abruptly outside the normal standards that each region should have.
The current weather conditions in the world are notably changing and everyone can really tell the uncomfortable wave heats and the natural disasters happing in rare areas. These changes cannot really be reverse, therefore ways of prevention are a more debatable point to discuss rather than to sink in lost conditions. In this way the UNEP members address to “Management of Land Use” a way that can act as prevention matter in terms of environmental issues.
Delegate countries such as Philippines, Thailand, Venezuela and Netherlands confirmed their participation and financial investment on Land Management.Philippines assured that planning was the key to ensure the welfare of people. And France encouraged other delegates to create land management if necessary because it ends on proper conservation of the environment as a key conclusion of the matter.
SEOUL, Aug. 12 (Korean Central)– Human trafficking is generally known as the process of placing or maintaining individuals in exploitative situations for economic gain. Women, men and children are trafficked for a range of purposes, including forced and exploitative labour in factories, farms and private households, sexual exploitation, and forced marriage.
In these motion, it turns out that the united nation already have a special rapporteur. special rapporteur are given to individuals working on behalf of the United Nations (UN) within the scope of “special procedure” mechanisms who have a specific country or thematic mandate from the United Nations Human Rights Council.
But, in reality special repporteur is not executed properly caused by an unclear code of conduct and a blurred sense of responsibillity. Special repporteur does not own funds because they put themselves forward to the united nation. therefore, theres not a proper constitution within their government.
In human right council of awmun, there are two opinions about special rapporteur. first, transparency of policy, for the intention that all parties know about the problem, therefore if special rapportuer is wrong, all participant can reprimand it. This opinion is submitted by delegates of Australia, Qatar, and many else. Second, privacy of policy, because its a personal problem of a country. This opinion is stated by South Africa, China, Jordan, and the others.
“Privacy means that the press these not have to know, but the united nations and all the countries involeved has to know what happent in their.” said by delegates of Jordania.
Delegation of Australia stated their opinion “Delegation of Australia with its allies believes in the idea of transparency over confidentiality. We believe the transparency is important because it is the form of special rapporteur’s accountability to the general public. By making itu confidential, countries are going to doubt the impartiality of the special rapporteur, thus making them untrustworthy.”
For this case, That special rapporteur can be a good solution for human trafficking. but again depending on how the system works well – in accordance with the code of conduct – or not. Human trafficking is a big problem, and not a matter of a country but the world. and voicing it is one way to eradicate it.
SEOUL, Aug. 12 (Yonhap) — Today, the delegation of East Asian Summit discuss about terrorism funding. One of the ways to fund terrorism is through cryptocurrency. Cryptocurency is a digital currency in which encryption techniques are used to regulate the generation of units of currency and verify the transfer funds, it operates independently in a central bank. Actually, cryptocurrency is not a big problem, until a certain group used it for terrorism funding. There are two reasons why they are using cryptocurrency, first is because it is not tied to governmental taxes and the second is because it is anonymous. Cryptocurrency have a different system than banks. In bank systems, everyone knows where their money comes from and where their money is going. But in cryptocurency, everything is anonymous, eventhough it is stored in a database, only a ‘few’ people could have access to it.
The majority of the delegates already have their own opinions and solutions to solve this problem. “Russia already have Russia Intellegence Unit (RIU). The system of RIU is like a bank system but with digital money. So, the government has a database about every transaction with cryptocurrency.” Said the delegate of Russia.
“Indonesia doesn’t have enough law in cryptocurrency. But Indonesia already have a regulation about cryptocurency since 2017 but now the draft is still in the parliament, so until now Indonesia still don’t have a secured law.” Said Delegate of Indonesia.
The other solution comes from the Delegate of Thailand. The delegate of Thailand remembers that other delegates have Financial Intellegence Unit. It is a unit form the European Union that fights against money laundering and the financing of terrorism. Delegate of Thailand want the other delegate to cooperate by establishing a unit who can access the database.
For this case, an intelligence system can be the solution. But how the system goes must be the priority. If the majority of countries already have an intelligence system, the next thing is for the delegates to cooperate. Terrorism is a big deal, if they’re a big solid team than the delegates must fight against that with a bigger solid team. Terrorism is not only the problem of one country but the problem of the entire world. Unity is the key to fight against that.
Delegates of United Nations Human Rights and Council (UNHRC) from 30 Country members opened up and discussed regarding the 21st century problem – human trafficking – held in Room 317, Conference Hall COEX Convention, Seoul, South Korea, August 12.
Points were raised on how to prevent human trafficking that is visible in different countries of the world. Two points were raised during the unmoderated caucus these were the Obligations of the States in Respect to Human Trafficking and Economic obligation of States toward Human Trafficking. After the points were presented by the delegates to the chair, they discussed and debate regarding what resolutions and actions must be done by the member states most especially who experienced human trafficking.
Australia and South Africa were actively presenting to the rest of the delegates their stand about the issue. They both mentioned that Non-government organizations (NGO) of a particular country must collaborate and work with respected countries to prevent human trafficking. National governments were highly encourage to answer and to take actions to eliminate the count of human trafficking to stop and prevent it.
Discussions and debates were done during the session and no amendments and resolution where approved by all countries. Continuation will be done on their next session.
In order to give clearer picture on how the United Nations and UN body work to the delegates, Asia World MUN provide a Keynote Presentation session in the Opening Ceremony. Hopefully, from this session, the delegates will gain understanding of how UN works and how young people can get involved to contribute in the efforts promoting and protecting all human rights.
With the topic of “Youth and the United Nations: Promoting and Protecting All Human Rights, Ms. Signe Poulsen, Representative from the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) Seoul, would highlight the necessity for young people to be involved in the efforts of promoting and protecting all human rights, in order for young people to contribute to achieve peace in the world. This would include the issue of human security as a foundation of national and international security, which is related to human rights and their active role in maintaining the protection of human rights of other people
Signe Poulsen
Claire Lee
A rising junior at Groton School, Claire is excited to serve as your Assistant Director of the UNODC. She has been active in MUN events since 2015 and has since won Best Delegate awards from the General Assembly of Model United Nations of Seoul (MUNOS) 2015, Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) of Seoul MUN (SEOMUN) 2015, ECOSOC of SKYMUN 2016, and Economic and Financial Affairs Committee (ECOFIN) of Yale MUN (YMUN) 2016. She also served as the Head Chair of the World Health Organization (WHO) for MUNOS 2016 and Vice Chair of the Cold War Committee (Specialised Committee) for YMUN 2017.
As a native of Seoul, she is excited to see delegates discuss global issues in depth right at the heart of her hometown!